Child care: physical and mental development of the child
A healthy child grows day by day and physical and mental development occurs in accordance with the child's age. A child, who eats regularly, sleeps as needed and is beautiful and happy is a healthy and normal child.
Normal development needs of a healthy child:
1) Necessary and moderate supply of nutrients according to the needs of the body i.e. balanced food according to age:
2) Proper sleeping arrangements
3) Freedom of movement and movement;
4) Provision of endless love, service, care and vigilance: and
5) Protection from accidents.
One of the problems faced by mothers in meeting the needs of normal development of the baby is - feeding the baby. Mother's urge to feed the baby is very strong. Subconsciously, the mother measures the baby's love for her by the baby's interest in eating. As a result, the mother considers the decrease in the mother's interest in eating from her hand as a decrease in the child's love for her. But the real problem lies elsewhere. Every mother forces her child to eat a certain amount of food to make her fat, so that the child cannot eat more food than his stomach can hold. The mother then spends a long time trying to feed the child that amount of food. A child's resentment at constant pressure eventually turns into rejection.
a) Feeding problem in mother's view:
First year: Usually, within two weeks of birth, the baby develops a routine or habit of drinking mother's milk. But it is not true that all children will have fixed meal times. Mothers of children who do not develop the habit of eating at a certain time every day suffer from anxiety and worry about their children.
Also, when new foods are introduced, the baby's interest in milk usually decreases.
Second year: In the second year, the protein and caloric needs of the baby decrease instead of double the first year. But the expectation of the mother is to feed the child more.
The second problem is the child's strong desire to eat his own food. Because of his inexperience, the child spreads more food around than he puts into his mouth. In this way, he enjoys playing in the midst of spreading food. In this regard, the more the mother prevents the child from eating with her own hands, the more the child will be disobedient about eating food. Remember: At this age, trying to eat food with her own hands is in the normal stage of her mental development.
Almost every mother complains that her baby does not eat at this age of third to fifth year. A healthy child is never hungry. According to the body's needs, he will eat the amount of food according to the routine or according to his wishes. Moreover, those children who are used to eating biscuits, chocolate, ice cream, their main food needs are reduced.
Sometimes the baby does not want to eat at night. If you don't want to eat, it's better to let yourself be hungry without insisting. But it should be remembered that if the child is hungry at night and wants to eat, then food should be ready to eat immediately.
If the baby's weight continues to increase in accordance with the birth weight according to age, then no matter how many problems the mother faces in feeding the baby, the mother should rest assured that her baby is healthy and normal. To be sure, consult a doctor.
b) Sleep related problems: Sleep related problems do not arise if the child is made to sleep regularly at a young age. According to the age, in order to meet the child's sleep needs at night, if necessary, the child's sleeping time can be delayed and the child can be arranged to sleep through the night. Calm, dark nights and undisturbed days are what babies need for sleep. Keep in mind that one healthy baby's sleep habits may not match the sleep habits of another healthy baby.
c) Stomach ache of three months duration: Many babies till the age of three months have stomach ache in the late afternoon or early evening. As a result, the child started crying. Strolling the baby on your shoulders, patting the baby's belly lightly and giving a little warm tea does not help. Trying to divert the baby's attention and trying to put the baby to sleep on the chest can give the baby some relief from the pain. If the child suffers from this pain regularly, if the pain is very painful to the child and the hand cannot be placed on the stomach, then it is necessary to consult a doctor.
Three-month-old babies with abdominal pain have normal food intake and physical growth.
d) Nappy or Diaper rash/itching due to nappy: If the child urinates in the nappy wrapped around the child's waist, sometimes the nappy soaked in this urine will cause a red rash (rash) or sore on the child's armpits and buttocks. Ways to prevent diaper rash: 1) Keep the baby in the open for at least half an hour every day; 2) then apply Telkom powder, 3) change the name repeatedly; and 4) Vaseline ointment or oil application is recommended as needed.
e) Constipation: When a child passes irregular, hard stools and has difficulty passing stools, it is called constipation. Give very young children plenty of water and fruit juice. Older children should drink more water, as well as fiber-rich vegetables and fruits. The juice of the earth is also beneficial.
f) Tooth decay: Tooth decay or caries is called tooth decay in conventional Bengali. This disease occurs when sugar or sweet food accumulates in the teeth, so 1) teeth should be cleaned well after eating sweet food, 2) teeth should be brushed with tooth paste after the four front teeth of the child emerge; 3) Brush your teeth at least twice a day before the first meal in the morning and after the last meal at night.
g) Worms: Almost all children in Bangladesh are estimated to be infected with worms. If one person in the family has worms, then everyone in the family should be treated for worms together. The main 4 means of infection or spread of worms are: water, food, soil and nails. Worm infestations usually result in reluctance to eat and loose stools, and can lead to malnutrition and anemia.
To protect yourself from worm infestation:
1) Wash hands thoroughly before eating and after defecation.
(2) Fingernails should be cut short and nails should be kept clean at all times,
3) Do not sweep dirty sheets on the bed while cleaning the bed;
4) Bed sheets should be washed at least twice a week;
5) Wash fruits and vegetables in running tap water before eating;
6) Drink clean, safe water or boiled water;
7) If a commode is used, the seat should be scrubbed daily, and
8) Shoes or sandals should be worn while walking in the field
Avoiding accidents A child can try to feel fire, hot water, electric wire, hot iron etc. with his hands to satisfy his natural curiosity. To see what is on the table, pull the hanging part of the table cloth and throw away all the things.
So keep in mind to avoid accidents:
1) The child should not fall;
2) Children should be safe from fire and hot water;
3) Children should be safe from electrical appliances and wires 4) Children should not play with their heads inside plastic or polythene bags - suffocation
There is a possibility of closure and 5) Medicines and poisons are kept out of reach of children.
J) Allergy: Allergy is seen in most children due to hereditary effects. Hence, many children suffer from food related allergies. Any reaction to a food that occurs at least twice after consuming that food is considered allergic.
Children are usually allergic to foods such as: cow or tin milk, eggs, sour or citrus fruits, fish, tomatoes and nuts. But any food can cause allergy. Allergies cause diarrhea (bloody, mango-tinged stools), abdominal pain, red and swollen skin, eczema and hives in children.
If you suspect that there is an allergy to a food, then only that food should be eaten once a week to see if there is an allergy. If there is an allergy, the food cannot be given for at least six months.
0 Comments